A gene variant has been found that accounts for the difficulty some smokers have in quitting; and genetic tinkering has given rats prodigious memories.

Gene for Smoking

The discovery of a variant of the gene that encodes an enzyme which assists the metabolization of nicotine and therefore makes it especially hard for some smokers to quit, could lead to more effective smoking-cessation treatments. However, the variant also appears to help protect against developing emphysema.

Reference: Graham, Sarah (2003). “Gene Variant May Hamper Efforts to Kick the Habit.” Scientific American, July 1.

MegaMemory

When Swiss researchers switched off the gene responsible for production of the protein phosphatase 1 in mice, the rodents’ memories improved markedly. They now aim to try the same in humans.

Reference: Koerner, Brendan I. (2003). “8 Super Powers: Forget Science Fiction. Here’s the Science.” Wired, Issue 11.08, August.